Crawler excavator is a mechanical equipment that uses bucket to excavate materials higher or lower than the surface of the bearing machine and load them into the transportation vehicle or unload them into the stockyard. The use of crawler excavator must understand its operating procedures and maintenance methods, before starting the machine, you should carefully read the excavator related instructions materials, familiar with the use of the vehicle driven by the use and maintenance conditions. When operating, pay attention to selecting and creating a reasonable working surface.
Crawler Excavator Safety Regulations
Pre-operation preparation
- Carefully read the excavator related instruction materials and familiarize yourself with the use and maintenance of the vehicle you are driving.
- Detailed knowledge of construction site tasks and checking soil firmness and smoothness at excavator stops. When excavating pits and trenches, check the stability of the slopes of the road riffles and trenches.
- It is strictly prohibited for any person to stay in the work area, and the work site should be easily accessible to dump trucks.
- Check the excavator’s hydraulic system, engine, transmission, braking device, slewing device, as well as instruments and gauges, and do not work until after a test run and confirmation of normal.
Requirements during operation and driving
- A signal should be given before the operation starts.
- When operating, attention should be paid to selecting and creating a reasonable working surface, and it is strictly prohibited to dig out the excavation. It is strictly prohibited to arrange the excavator in two digging surface at the same time. It is strictly prohibited to work under overhead structures such as power lines.
- It is prohibited to adjust the engine, governor, hydraulic system and electrical system during operation. It is prohibited to break solid objects by crushing them with the bucket or by rotating the machine. It is prohibited to lift the excavator with the bucket lever or bucket cylinder. It is prohibited to use the excavator’s arm to drag heavy objects located on the side. It is prohibited to excavate with a sudden drop of the working device.
- The excavator should be loaded after the automobile has come to a standstill, and when unloading, the bucket should be lowered as far as possible without touching any part of the automobile, and it is forbidden for the bucket to cross over the cab.
- The hydraulic oil temperature should be between 50 and 80 degrees when the crawler excavator is in normal operation. Before using the machine, if it is lower than 20 degrees, it should be warmed up. When the temperature reaches or exceeds 80 degrees, the machine should be shut down to dissipate the heat.
Post-assignment requirements
- When the excavator walks, there should be a person to direct, and the distance from the high voltage line should not be less than 5 meters. It is prohibited to walk backwards.
- When walking downhill you should travel at a low, even speed, and skidding and shifting are prohibited.
- Excavator parking locations and travel routes should be at a safe distance from roadways, ditches, and pits.
- When the excavator is parked on a slope, the bucket must be placed on the ground with all operating levers in the neutral position.
- At the end of the work, the machine should be turned upright, the bucket placed on the ground, and all operating levers placed in the neutral position. The driver may not leave until all parts of the brake are braked and the doors and windows of the machine are closed.
Crawler Excavator Maintenance Methods
1.Reasonable selection of hydraulic oil, in consideration of the operating temperature of the hydraulic circuit and the efficiency of the premise, the hydraulic oil viscosity should be in the 16-36×10-6mm2 / s between the lowest ambient temperature corresponds to a short period of cold start viscosity should be ≤1000X10-6mm2 / s, corresponds to the short-term permissible leakage of oil temperature of 90 ℃ viscosity should be ≥10X10-6mm2 / s.
2.Good hydraulic oil cooling system for the improvement of hydraulic oil temperature control system has an important role, although the specific ways used by various manufacturers are different, but the basic idea is the same. When there is hydraulic oil overheating, the hydraulic oil cooling temperature control system checking steps are as follows:
(1) Whether the hydraulic oil radiator is clogged with dirt, resulting in a decrease in cooling efficiency, clean the radiator if necessary.
(2) In extreme conditions to detect the fan speed of the actual working pressure of the system, to determine whether the circuit of the hydraulic components are faulty, the oil temperature sensor or control circuit is working properly, at this time the fan speed and the system working pressure should be the maximum value. Otherwise, the corresponding parameters of the system should be adjusted or replace the damaged components.
3.Exclude abnormal internal leakage mainly refers to, due to system hydraulic oil contamination caused by the directional valve, pressure valve card bite caused by abnormal internal leakage. Check the method is to measure the pressure, check the function, or listen to whether there is abnormal noise or touch to check whether the temperature is locally too high.
4.Prevent a decrease in the volumetric efficiency of the element. Attention should be paid to both abnormal and normal wear. The former may occur in a short period of time, by checking the quality of the oil and combined with the function of the system (such as whether the action of the actuator is normal, whether the speed is reduced, etc.) to judge. The latter should follow a certain pattern, should be examined comprehensively, and take timely measures.
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